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AC service · Diagnosis

Why is my split AC not cooling? A technician’s checklist

Most split ACs that do not cool have a dirty filter, a fouled indoor coil, a blocked outdoor condenser, low refrigerant from a leak, or an electrical fault. Check them in that order: the first three are fixed on the spot with a filter clean, a foam coil clean and a condenser clean. Find and fix any leak before recharging gas.

Check 1
Filter
Check 2
Indoor coil
Check 3
Outdoor condenser
Check 4
Gas leak, then electricals

The diagnostic order

AC not cooling: diagnostic order
OrderCheckFixAerosure product
1Filter blocked with dustWash or replace the filterNone
2Indoor coil dirty or greasyFoam clean the coilAerosure AC Foam Cleaner
3Outdoor condenser blocked by dust and fluffClean the condenser coilAerosure AC Coil Shining Concentrate
4Low gasFind the leak first, repair, then rechargeAerosure AC Leak Detector
5Electrical faultCheck capacitor, fan motor and PCBAerosure Contact & Electronic Cleaner for dirty contacts

What dirty coils do to performance

The US Department of Energy explains that dirt on coils reduces airflow and insulates the coil, cutting its ability to absorb heat [1]. Berkeley Lab found typical efficiency and capacity losses from coil fouling of under 5%, but much larger losses for marginal systems or extreme conditions [2]. In Indian summers, with dust and long running hours, a fouled coil is often the difference between a cold room and a complaint.

Prove the fix to the customer

Measure the air temperature at the grille before and after the service, photograph the coil before and after, and note it on a service checklist.

Products used

Quick answers

Why is my split AC not cooling after service?

Common reasons are a coil that was only rinsed on the surface, a dirty outdoor condenser, a gas leak that was recharged without repair, or a filter refitted wet and blocked. Check the condenser and look for leaks before recharging again.

Does a dirty coil reduce AC cooling?

Yes. Dirt reduces airflow and insulates the coil, so it absorbs less heat. The effect is larger on older or marginal units.

What should I check first when an AC is not cooling?

Check the filter, the indoor coil and the outdoor coil for dirt, then the thermostat setting and the outdoor fan. Dirt is the most common cause before any gas or electrical fault.

Does a low star rating AC cool less?

Star rating measures efficiency, not capacity. Check the BEE star label and ISEER when comparing running costs.

Sources

  1. US Department of Energy, Energy Saver: Air conditioner maintenance
  2. Siegel J., Walker I., Sherman M.: Dirty air conditioners, energy implications of coil fouling. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Stock Aerosure for your service team

Trade pricing for technicians, AMC companies and distributors. We reply within one working day.

AC maintenance numbers to know

Published guidance for room ACs. Follow the AC maker’s manual and the product label.
WhatTypical range
Clean or replace filtersEvery 1 to 2 months in the cooling season, sooner in dust [source]
Energy saved by a clean filter5% to 15% less energy than with a clogged filter [source]
Check the indoor (evaporator) coilEvery 12 months; clean when dirty [source]
Drain lineClear it at each service so water cannot back up [source]
Star labelCompare models by BEE star rating and ISEER [source]

What are the signs an AC needs a service?

  • Weak or uneven airflow from the indoor unit.
  • A musty or sour smell when the AC starts.
  • Water dripping from the indoor unit or a full drain tray.
  • Ice on the indoor coil or the copper pipes.
  • The AC runs longer to reach the set temperature, or bills go up.
  • New rattles, hissing or buzzing from either unit.

What should be in your service kit?

  • Gloves and eye protection
  • Coil foam cleaner and a spray bottle of clean water for rinsing
  • Soft brush or vacuum for loose dust
  • Fin comb for bent fins
  • Drain bag or sheet to catch runoff
  • Wire or blower to clear the drain line
  • Torch, screwdriver set and a way to confirm the power is isolated

Carry the product SDS on your phone and follow the AC maker’s manual for the unit you are servicing.

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